Fareed Zakaria Totally Explained

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Fareed Zakaria (born January 20 1964, Mumbai, India) is a journalist, columnist, author, editor, commentator, and television host specializing in international relations and foreign affairs.
He was named editor of Newsweek International in October 2000. He writes a weekly foreign affairs column for Newsweek, which appears biweekly in the Washington Post. In 2003, his book The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad (Norton) was published.
On television, Zakaria hosted the weekly Foreign Exchange with Fareed Zakaria news show for PBS. From 2002 until 2007, he was a regular member of the roundtable of ABC News's This Week with George Stephanopoulos and an analyst for ABC News. In the Fall of 2007, he joined CNN to host a weekly show on international affairs that will premier worldwide on June 1st, 2008.

Early life

Zakaria was born in India to a practicing Muslim family. His father, Rafiq Zakaria, was a former government minister, deputy leader of the Congress party and a respected scholar. His mother, Fatima Zakaria, was for a time the Sunday editor of the Times of India. His brother Arshad is a former head of investment banking at Merrill Lynch and is currently the head of New Vernon Capital, the largest hedge fund investing in India. His two other siblings, a brother Mansoor and a sister Tasneem, are from his father's first marriage.
Fareed attended the Cathedral and John Connon School in Mumbai, India, where he was School Prefect and House Captain for Palmer, one of the four school Houses. After graduating from the Anglican school, Zakaria attended Yale University where he was a member of Berkeley college, Scroll and Key Society, President of the Yale Political Union, and a member of the Party of the Right. Zakaria received a B.A. from Yale and later graduated with a Ph.D. in Government from Harvard University, where he studied under Samuel P. Huntington and Stanley Hoffmann.

Career

Before his current position with Newsweek, Zakaria was managing editor of the magazine Foreign Affairs, a journal of international politics and economics.
   Prior to joining Foreign Affairs, Zakaria ran a research project on American foreign policy at Harvard University. He has taught courses in international relations and political philosophy at Harvard, Columbia and Case Western universities. He has written for such publications as The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The New Yorker and The New Republic, and has also worked as a wine columnist for the webzine Slate. His 2002 essay for The New Yorker on America's global role has been widely quoted, as have several of his Newsweek cover-essays.
   He is the author of the 1998 book From Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of America's World Role (Princeton University Press), his PhD thesis, and co-editor of The American Encounter: The United States and the Making of the Modern World (Basic Books). His book The Future of Freedom was published in the spring of 2003 and became a New York Times bestseller, as well as a bestseller in several other countries. It has been translated into more than eighteen languages. His most recent book, published in May 2008, is The Post-American World, an examination of America's role in a world where it's still the political-military superpower but where economic, industrial, financial, and cultural power is being dispersed around the world.
   In April 2005, Zakaria premiered as host of a new foreign affairs program on PBS, Foreign Exchange with Fareed Zakaria.
   During the December 28th, 2007 airing of his program Zakaria announced his retirement from Foreign Exchange with Fareed Zakaria to pursue other broadcast opportunities. The new host is Daljit Dhaliwal.
   Zakaria has won several awards for his Newsweek columns, including for his October 2001 cover story, "The Politics of Rage: Why Do They Hate Us". In 1999, he was named "one of the 21 most important people of the 21st Century" by Esquire. In 2005, he won the World Affairs Councils of America's International Journalist Award. In 2006, he was named one of the 100 most influential graduates of Harvard University. He currently serves on the boards of Yale University, the Trilateral Commission, the Council on Foreign Relations, New America Foundation and Columbia University's International House.

Views

Zakaria is generally regarded as a political moderate or centrist. In foreign policy terms, he's a "realist" (for example someone who believes that American foreign policy should be guided by a conception of its national interest). His first book, From Wealth to Power, argues that countries that grow rich and powerful inevitably expand their sphere of interests abroad. He sees America as a reluctant great power in the late 19th century because it was a strange creature — a strong nation with a very weak central state.
   Zakaria is an advocate of free markets, both at home and abroad. He believes that America should embrace globalization and free trade. He is an internationalist, writing consistently in favor of American engagement with the world, multilateralism, and efforts to help alleviate global poverty and disease. He has often argued that helping countries to modernize their economies and societies is a more secure path to development and liberty than pushing for elections and democracy.
   His second book, The Future of Freedom, develops this latter theme more fully. Zakaria argues that democracy works best in societies when it's preceded by "constitutional liberalism," which he defines as the rule of law, rights of property, contract, and individual freedoms. He has written that historically liberty has preceded democracy, not the other way around. He has argued that countries that simply hold elections without broad-based modernization — including economic liberalization and the rule of law — end up becoming "illiberal democracies". For this reason, he's been critical of the manner in which the Bush administration has pushed its democracy agenda forward, relying on elections in Iraq, the Palestinian Authority, and Lebanon as the solution to those countries' problems and minimizing the building of the institutions of law, governance, and liberty.
   After the 9/11 attacks, Zakaria wrote a seminal cover-story essay for Newsweek entitled "The Politics of Rage: Why Do They Hate Us?". In it, he argued that Islamic terrorism has its roots in the stagnation and dysfunctions of the Arab world. Decades of failure under tyrannical regimes, all claiming to be Western-style secular modernizers, has produced an opposition that's religious, violent, and increasingly globalized. Because the Mosque is the one place where people can gather in an Arab country, that's where the opposition to these regimes grew. Because Islam was the one language that couldn't be censored, it became the language of opposition. He argued for a generational effort to create more open and dynamic societies in the Arab world, thereby helping "Islam enter the modern world".
   In a June 11 2007 cover essay, Zakaria criticizes "fear-based" policies on terrorism, immigration, and trade, and argues that beyond George W. Bush the world needs an open and confident United States.

Iraq War views

While Zakaria initially supported using military force against Iraq, he argued for a United Nations-sanctioned operation and occupation with a much larger force (approximately 400,000 troops). He also called for a Bosnia- or Kosovo-style occupation that was international, rather than American, in nature. He wrote a Newsweek cover-essay the week the Iraq war began entitled "The Arrogant Empire", which detailed the failures of the Bush foreign policy in the run-up to the war.
He was an early and aggressive critic of the occupation, arguing against the disbanding of the Iraqi army and bureaucracy, which the administration accomplished under the guise of "de-Baathification". He predicted that accelerating the build-up of the Iraqi military would create a Shia and Kurdish army that would exacerbate the sectarian tensions in the country. Four months into the occupation, his columns bore such titles as "Iraq Policy Is Broken," and in September 2003 he wrote a cover story for Newsweek entitled "So What's Plan B?" In February of 2005, the week before Iraq's elections, he wrote, "no matter how the voting turns out, the prospects for genuine democracy in Iraq are increasingly grim." In his October 2006 Newsweek cover essay, Zakaria called for a reduction in American troops in Iraq to 60,000 by the end of 2007.

Participation in Wolfowitz meeting

In his 2006 book State of Denial, Washington Post journalist Bob Woodward wrote that, on November 29, 2001, a meeting of Middle East experts and analysts was convened at the request of then Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz. The outcome of the meeting was a report for President George W. Bush concerning American policy toward Afghanistan and the Middle East in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks, a report that supported the subsequent invasion of Iraq. Zakaria told The New York Times that he attended the meeting for a few hours but that he "thought it was a brainstorming session" and didn't recall being told that a report for the President would be produced.
On October 21, 2006, after verification, the Times published a correction that stated:

An article in Business Day on Oct. 9 about journalists who attended a secret meeting in November 2001 called by Paul D. Wolfowitz, then the deputy secretary of defense, referred incorrectly to the participation of Fareed Zakaria, the editor of Newsweek International and a Newsweek columnist. Mr. Zakaria wasn't told that the meeting would produce a report for the Bush administration, nor did his name appear on the report.

Personal

He currently resides in New York City with his wife, Paula Throckmorton Zakaria, son Omar, and daughters Lila and Sofia. Fareed has weighed in on his Muslim background on only one occasion, telling the Village Voice, "I occasionally find myself reluctant to be pulled into a world that's not mine, in the sense that I'm not a religious guy."

Bibliography

The Post-American World, Fareed Zakaria, (W.W. Norton & Company; 2008) ISBN 0-393-06235-X
The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad, Fareed Zakaria, (W.W. Norton & Company; 2003) ISBN 0-393-04764-4
From Wealth to Power, Fareed Zakaria, (Princeton University Press; 1998) ISBN 0-691-04496-1
The American Encounter: The United States and the Making of the Modern World Essays from 75 Years of Foreign Affairs, edited by James F. Hoge and Fareed Zakaria, (Basic Books; 1997) ISBN 0-465-00170-X

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